The bathtub overflows. A storm drain backs up. A sewer line breaks.
All these emergencies involve water where it shouldn't be, but each is dramatically different in threat and response.
Water from sinks, rainwater or drinking water lines is a category one emergency. Since the source is sanitary, there is a low health risk if cleanup begins within 24 to 48 hours, according to Interstate Restoration.
However, gray waters from storm drains, flooding or equipment discharges carry an increased health risk. These category two emergencies may involve cloudy or clear waters that might smell.
Finally, category three waters from sewers, rivers, seawater or some flooding, may be dark or black, contain debris, and smell. These waters can be toxic and carry a high health risk.
The initial response to all three categories should be to make sure building occupants are safe and away from affected areas. Next, assess if you can stop the source of flooding. For gray and black water flooding, stopping the water may be impossible.
When people are safe, decide what, if anything, can be saved: High-value items, computers and furnishings might be salvaged. Curtains can be tied up. Breakables should be removed to protect clean-up workers. Moisture-sensitive materials should be removed.
For gray and black water, professional restoration companies are required for cleanup, especially in the case of an office setting where health and safety codes apply.
In homes, where flooding is from sanitary sources, you'll want proper gear such as rubber boots and gloves to remove furnishings. If you have stopped the flooding, you have a day or two to start the drying process. Don't delay–even sanitary sources can become contaminated. Wet vacuums are good for removing water, but pumps may be needed for larger volumes. Resist the urge to open windows and turn off air conditioning. Air flow is key. Keep air conditioning or heating running at a mid-point that is neither cool nor warm. Fans, blowers and carpet dryers should be positioned in rooms to increase the rate of evaporation. The drying process may take up to five days.
