Rarest blood types remain useful, elusive

Discovered in 2025, the Gwada Negative blood type is known to exist in only one woman, but rare blood types are very useful for research and treatments.

Blood type O Negative is unusual, but somewhat common, with cases in 7 percent of the U.S. population. But the following blood types are super rare.

Rhnull (Golden Blood): Only 50 known cases of this blood are known to exist. It is useful because it lacks all 61 RH antigens. That means it is a universal donor for people with nearly any blood type. Critical for scientific research.

Bombay Phenotype (hh Blood Type): About 179 known cases exist in India, where blood banks prioritize identifying cases and storing it. Since it lacks the H antigen, this blood can be donated to those with A, B, AB, and O blood types, reducing immune reactions. But Bombay cases can only receive Bombay blood.

Ro Kell Negative: In high demand, this type is found in 2 percent of blood donors, especially in African American populations. Critical for treatment of sickle cell disease. Highly sought after.

Duffy-Negative and U Negative: Rare but more common in Africa and Middle Eastern populations, it exists in 1 percent of non-African populations. Duffy-Negative offers natural resistance to some malaria strains. Critical for sickle cell treatment.