What to do when dehydration becomes an emergency

When someone has already fallen behind on fluids, the fastest fix is an oral rehydration solution, the same salt-and-sugar mix the World Health Organization uses against severe dehydration. The sugar paired with sodium switches on the gut's absorption pumps and pulls water in quickly. Store-bought packets and drinks work well, or a basic version is about half a teaspoon of salt and six teaspoons of sugar stirred into a liter of clean water. If the person shows confusion, slurred speech, or fainting, that can be heat stroke. No drink alone can fix that. According to OSHA, that is a 911 emergency. Move the person into shade, cool them with water or ice, and stay until help arrives.